ESSAY

LEARNING DOMAIN

            In human life, learning becomes the most important thing to do the way we prepare the  better future. However, what do we mean when we use the term learning? Learning is something we all do from the moment we are born, so most of us likely take this very difficult  process to do. Although, many people think that learning is a difficult thing to do but we need to do it as our tool to be success in living. In learning there are three domains as we can also call them as the educational goals. The domains are cognitive domain, affective domain, and psychomotor domain.

            Cognitive domain contains the behavior that emphasizes intellect like knowledge, understanding and though. There are six categories involved within the cognitive domain, and they are usually considered to be stages of difficulty. Usually, the first category must be mastered before a student can move on to the next one. These categories are knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.

            Knowledge involves the recollection of data or information include knowing the safety rules or defining a term. After knowledge comes comprehension, which involves a number of different things. Comprehension involves understanding meaning, translating, interpreting instructions and problems, and stating a problem in your own words. The third is application. Students will use the concepts they learn in a new situation without any prompting. Examples of application would involve a student using the proper steps to solve a math problem at home. And then is analysis. Analysis also teaches students how to distinguish between facts and inferences. The fifth is synthesis . Synthesis involves a process of putting something together from the pieces to create new meaning or a whole new structure. An example of this could be a student writing an essay regarding material that was read.  The last is evaluation. When students begin to make judgments about the value of ideas, they’re beginning the process of evaluation. In a classroom, a good example of this would be book reports that involve summarizing what was read and giving an opinion of what they thought about the material.

            The affective domain deals with a person’s emotions and how they are handled. Like the cognitive domain, there are some major categories involved with this domain. The first is phenomena. Good examples of receiving phenomena involve listening to others with respect and remembering the names of people you just met. The second is responding to phenomena like class discussions and presentations. The third is valuing, like students sharing their opinion regarding a certain topic or a student who studies a particular subject more than others because of the value they placed in it. Then the fourth is organization. Example of this one is accepting responsibility for your behavior and time management skills. And the last is internalizing values like cooperating in group work and a self-reliance when working alone.

            Psychomotor domain involves physical movement, coordination, and motor-skill usage. Developing the skills involved with the psychomotor domain takes practice. There are seven major categories involved with this taxonomy: perception, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaptation, and origination.

            Perception is similar to the receiving phenomena category of the affective domain. Examples of perception involve recognition of non-verbal communication cues and using other senses beyond sight and hearing. The second is set. Examples of this are knowing your abilities and recognizing your limitations. This particular category of the psychomotor domain is related to the category of responding to phenomena in the affective domain. The third is guided response. This is the early stage of learning a complex skill. Examples of guided response include following the instructions of an assignment or performing a mathematical equation just as the teacher demonstrated. The fourth is mechanism. Mechanism is the intermediate stage involved in learning a complex skill. It involves learned responses that are now habitual and movements that are performed with confidence and proficiency. An example of this would be the average user of the computer. They don’t know how to do most repairs to their computer, but they can use a word processor and access the internet with ease. Then the fifth is complex overt response. Examples of this include people who can operate a computer with ease including downloading many programs without any help. Also, people who play instruments with ease and competence have achieved complex overt response regarding instrumental skill. Then the sixth is adaptation. Once these psychomotor  skills are well developed, many people can modify them to fit new situations. This is the adaptation part of psychomotor domain. An example of this would be a teacher modifying her lessons to reach special needs of certain learners. The last is origination. This category is similar to adaptation, but origination requires the creation of new movement patterns to fit a situation as opposed to adaptation using already-known skills for a new situation. Examples of this are gymnastic students who create a new routine or writers who arrange words in new ways to come up with new prose.

            In conclusion, as we need to prepare a better future, the learning domains or as the goal of education has to be achieved well. In cognitive domain, we need to develop a good  behavior that emphasizes intellect like knowledge, understanding and though. Furthermore affective domain deals with a person’s emotions and how they are handled. A good cognitive need to be supported by a good controlling emotion. As the last domain is psychomotor which involves physical movement, coordination, and motor-skill usage. In developing the skills we can develop it by taking some practices based on the skills. Finally, the three domains has to be owened by the people in building the better personality and preparing our better future.